Introduction to Site-to-Site Virtual Private Network

A site-to-site VPN tunnel connects networks in different geographic locations. You can create site-to-site IPsec connections between managed devices and between managed devices and other Cisco or third-party peers that comply with all relevant standards. These peers can have any mix of inside and outside IPv4 and IPv6 addresses. Site-to-site tunnels are built using the Internet Protocol Security (IPsec) protocol suite and Internet Key Exchange version 2 (IKEv2). After the VPN connection is established, the hosts behind the local gateway can connect to the hosts behind the remote gateway through the secure VPN tunnel.

VPN Topology

To create a new site-to-site VPN topology you must provide a unique name, specify a topology type, choose the IKE version that is used for IPsec IKEv1 or IKEv2, or both and authentication method. Once configured, you deploy the topology to ASAFTD.

IPsec and IKE Protocols

In CDO, site-to-site VPNs are configured based on IKE policies and IPsec proposals that are assigned to VPN topologies. Policies and proposals are sets of parameters that define the characteristics of a site-to-site VPN, such as the security protocols and algorithms that are used to secure traffic in an IPsec tunnel. Several policy types may be required to define a full configuration image that can be assigned to a VPN topology.

Authentication VPN Tunnels

For authentication of VPN connections, configure a pre-shared key in the topology on each device. Pre-shared keys allow a secret key, used during the IKE authentication phase, to be shared between two peers.

Virtual Tunnel Interface (VTI)

CDO does not currently support the management, monitoring, or use of Virtual Tunnel Interface (VTI) tunnels on FTD. Devices with configured VTI tunnels can be onboarded to CDO but it ignores the VTI interfaces. If a security zone or static route references a VTI, CDO reads the security zone and static route without the VTI reference.

VPN Encryption Domain

There are two methods to define the VPN's encryption domain: route-based or policy-based traffic selectors.

  • Policy-Based: The encryption domain is set to allow any traffic which enters the IPSec tunnel. IPSec Local and remote traffic selectors are set to 0.0.0.0. This means that any traffic routed into the IPSec tunnel is encrypted regardless of the source/destination subnet. ASA supports policy-based VPN with crypto maps.

  • Route-Based: The encryption domain is set to encrypt only specific IP ranges for both source and destination. It creates a virtual IPsec interface, and whatever traffic enters that interface is encrypted and decrypted. ASA supports route-based VPN with the use of Virtual Tunnel Interfaces (VTIs).

About Extranet Devices

You can add non-Cisco or unmanaged Cisco devices to a VPN topology as "Extranet" devices with either static or dynamic IP addresses.

  • Non-Cisco Device: You cannot use CDO to create and deploy configurations to non-Cisco devices.

  • Unmanaged Cisco Device: Cisco device not managed by your organization, such as spokes in networks managed by other organizations within your company, or a connection to a service provider or partner's network.